The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts economic growth in Iraq for 2024, driven by increased government spending. However, the report, released after a consultation with Iraqi officials, highlights lingering challenges that could derail progress.
The IMF credits the country's recent economic uptick to a rise in non-oil sector activity, which recovered after a contraction in 2022. This positive trend coincides with the formation of a new Iraqi government in October 2022, which facilitated the passage of the nation's first three-year budget.
The increased government spending, known as fiscal expansion, is seen as a key factor propelling economic growth this year. However, the IMF warns that this approach carries risks. The reliance on higher spending could exacerbate existing imbalances within Iraq's domestic financial system. Additionally, the country's dependence on oil exports makes its economy vulnerable to fluctuations in global oil prices.
The IMF report acknowledges some positive signs. Domestic inflation in Iraq has fallen to 4% by the end of 2023. This decrease is attributed to a combination of factors, including lower global food prices, a recent currency revaluation, and improvements in trade finance.
Despite these improvements, the IMF emphasizes the need for long-term economic reforms. The report calls for a more diversified economic structure, with less dependence on oil revenue. Additionally, the IMF urges the Iraqi government to implement measures to manage its fiscal spending more effectively.
The report also acknowledges the potential impact of regional instability on Iraq's economy. While the ongoing conflict between Israel and Gaza appears to have had minimal immediate impact, the IMF warns that a wider escalation could pose a significant threat.
Overall, the IMF report paints a cautiously optimistic picture of Iraq's economic prospects for 2024. While increased government spending is expected to stimulate growth, the report underscores the importance of addressing underlying vulnerabilities and implementing sustainable economic reforms. The success of Iraq's economic future will depend on its ability to navigate these challenges and build a more resilient and diversified economy.