The United Arab Emirates (UAE) implemented a landmark legal reform on June 20, 2024, permitting abortion in cases of rape and incest. This decision represents a significant shift in the country's abortion laws, which were previously more restrictive. Experts hail the new legislation as a progressive step that prioritizes women's health and safety.
The new regulations outlined in Cabinet Resolution No. (44) of 2024 amend the Medical Liability Law. Under these amendments, abortions are legal when the pregnancy results from "intercourse with a female against her will, without her consent, or without adequate volition" or when the perpetrator is a close relative. However, obtaining an abortion under these circumstances requires meeting specific criteria.
Women seeking an abortion must file an official report with the authorities documenting the rape or incest. This report, subsequently verified by the Public Prosecution, serves as a mandatory prerequisite for the procedure. Additionally, the legislation mandates that the abortion occur within the first 120 days of pregnancy to ensure the woman's safety.
The UAE's decision to liberalize abortion laws comes amid a broader conversation about women's rights in the region. Proponents of the reform argue that it safeguards women's physical and mental well-being in the face of traumatic experiences. They emphasize that criminalizing abortion in cases of rape or incest forces women to carry pregnancies that are a constant reminder of the assault and can cause severe emotional distress.
Opponents of the reform, while a minority, have expressed concerns about the potential for misuse. They argue that the legislation might be misinterpreted or exploited, leading to an increase in abortions that don't meet the specified criteria. However, the legal framework requiring a verified report from law enforcement aims to mitigate such possibilities.
The UAE's abortion reform has garnered international attention, particularly due to its contrasting stance with recent developments in the United States. The US Supreme Court's decision to overturn Roe v. Wade in 2022 sparked debates on abortion rights across the globe. The UAE's move toward legalization stands in stark contrast to the stricter abortion regulations being implemented in several US states.
The UAE's new legislation is a significant step toward ensuring women's bodily autonomy and reproductive rights. It prioritizes women's health and well-being in difficult circumstances and offers a path towards healing after experiencing a traumatic event. While the reform has sparked some debate domestically, it is expected to have a positive impact on the lives of women in the UAE.